Science Uncovers Disturbing "Butyrate Collapse" Impacting Energy and Metabolism of as many as 9 in 10 Americans

Coming up: 

- The microscopic "starvation" explaining your low energy, mood, and overwhelming brain fog (finally, proof it's not just hormones or aging!)

- Slow nail growth, cold hands, acidic saliva? The strange yet surprising symptoms you should look out for

- The 3-second at-home fix that tackles this crisis right at its core

Words By Debbie Geary

Published: July 21, 2025

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If you’re old enough you might remember those pH test strips from school...

What will shock you, though, is what placing one on your tongue may now reveal.

 

Because breakthrough science shows acidic saliva, cold hands, and slow-growing nails?

 

Could be silent warning signs you're low in one tiny molecule...

 

That's behind a nationwide epidemic of low energy, fatigue, and unshakeable brain fog.

 

Its name? 

 

“Butyrate.”  

 

Or what one of America’s most-renowned cardiologists now calls “the Holy Grail of human health”.

 

The reason? 

 

Because a mountain of evidence now shows Butyrate absolutely vital for our bodies...

 

And how much a lack of it can destroy our health.

Take Columbia University for instance. And their recent study on Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)[1]

CFS is a disease known for debilitating brain fog. 

 

Energy so rock-bottom that standing up feels like lifting a freight train.

 

What they found?

 

Across 106 CFS patients, their butyrate-producing gut bacteria were almost wiped out.[2]

 

The more depleted their Butyrate? The worse their brain fog. The deeper their exhaustion. And the more unrefreshing sleep they endured.

 

This is just the beginning.

Research published in the prestigious “Gut Microbiome” journal sent shockwaves in scientific industry.[3]

Their findings?

 

People with depression consistently showed lower levels of Coprococcus. A Butyrate powerhouse of the gut.

 

Meaning after decades of believing depression was a brain chemical disorder? It may have been down to a lack of Butyrate all this time.

 

The evidence keeps coming.

 

A new animal study showed a drop in butyrate caused:

Yet most surprising fo all?

 

In the same study, the simple act of restoring Butyrate?

 

Reversed all these problems.

New evidence also shows that Butyrate can boost BDNF. A key factor for brain growth that helps with memory, brain-health, and emotions.[4]

And it’s not just in your head either.

 

Butyrate triggers something called "thermogenesis". Which is a fancy name for "how your body produces heat".[5]

 

It also helps regulate something called "mitochondrial function". The engine behind your metabolism.[5]

 

Meaning Butyrate is the driver behind temperature and energy production in your body!

 

So if you've ever felt tired after eating, cold for no reason, or struggled to focus — even after a full night’s sleep?

 

It's possible a lack of Butyrate may have been the cause all along.

 

Which means a drop in Butyrate could explain why you feel tired after eating, cold for no reason, or struggle to focus — even after a full night’s sleep.

Science also shows Butyrate enhances insulin sensitivity.[6] It’s also tied to appetite control. By making GLP-1, the same compound found in shots like Ozempic.[7]

Meaning a lack of Butyrate may also be behind blood sugar crashes and unnecessary cravings. 

 

Making weight control a feel impossible.

 

Believe me. The list goes on. Connecting Butyrate to happiness hormones like dopamine and serotonin.

 

Paper after paper connecting Butyrate to all aspects of human health - like happiness hormones like dopamine and serotonin.

 

But the question you’re probably asking?

“Am I lacking in Butyrate?”

I'm going to give you the answer in just a moment. 

 

Even if it's not the one you want to hear.

 

What I want you to know right though? Is that

I'm going to give you the 3 ways to improve your Butyrate naturally. For free.

No purchases required. No email. No nothing.

 

Just actionable steps you can use to recover from a deficiency that could be plaguing every one of us.

 

Because while there are currently no available tests to check your own Butyrate levels...

 

CDC evidence suggests we're all likely deficient.

 

And to explain the importance of that, right now it's vital you understand how we make Butyrate in our bodies.

How Our Bodies Make Butyrate

See, making Butyrate inside you is like growing a plant. 

 

It needs nutrients (like soil and water) and a signal to grow (sunlight).

 

Those nutrients? They come from fiber. From vegetables and probiotics you can buy online or over the counter.

 

The “signal”.

 

It's..

The switch your gut needs to make Butyrate. And crank production to “11”

And what the CDC reports?

 

That 9 in 10 Americans are lacking the core Butyrate signal -  known as “Phenolic Acid”. 

 

Phenolic Acid is the compound that not only encourages Butyrate-producing bacteria to grow...

 

...but also triggers them to produce Butyrate.

 

Without this Phenolic Acid you have less Butyrate-producing bacteria. 

 

And for the Butyrate bacteria you do have? Their production hits rock bottom. 

It doesn’t matter how much fiber you consume. Without Phenolic Acid, your Butyrate production suffers. 

And with 9 in 10 Americans not getting enough of this essential, Butyrate signal?

 

Is it any surprise Americans continue to report feeling burned out, blank, and broken??

The American Psychological Association state "Burnout and stress are everywhere.

 

CBNC reports "Burnout is on the rise" - with women being the most impacted.

 

And Forbes states  "41% of American are experiencing Burnout and exhaustion" - even after taking time off!

 

So if you feel burned out, like life has added its own "extra layer" of exhaustion…

 

Or you can barely focus on a page of text (like this) let alone your family or career…

 

Know you’re not alone. Many are suffering.

 

As evidence shows your lack of Butyrate is not your fault either.

 

Because we all may be victims of...

A Food Industry Making Profit at the Expense of your Butyrate.

It's no secret food companies add chemicals to our food. As CBS news reports some are for taste.[12]

 

Others that make it last longer and cheaper to produce.

 

Federal loopholes allow food companies to pour thousands of chemicals like "P80" and "CMC" into our food supply. Chemicals that are banned in other parts of the world.[13] [14]

 

But what most people don't know?

 

That these chemicals butcher our Buyrate bacteria.

 

Not only that, many feeds bad bacteria in your intestine.[15]

 

Bad bacteria that lead to leaky gut and inflammation. But more importantly? They make it an uphill battle for your Butyrate bacteria to survive.[11]

 

This is why a recent study by Harvard Medical School sent shockwaves in science recently.

 

When they showed...

Almost 3 in every 4 foods in your grocery store are likely containchemicals that murder your Butyrate.

And other studies estimate these foods also make up more than half of the calories consumed by U.S[10]. 

 

According to The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition? That trend is rising.


And even vegetables may be unsafe.

 

Pesticides like glyphosate are used across the US to protect crops. Yet new studies show they can disrupt the delicate balance of your gut bacteria.[16]

 

So even the most vegetable-rich diets may feature chemicals that damage your Butyrate bacteria.

 

One thing is clear. 

One thing is clear. 

 

Your bodies Butyrate bacteria have likely suffered

With more evidence linking Butyrate to better brain speed and reducing inflammation. Even in old age.[17] [18][19]

 

A lack of Butyrate in your life could be costing you tremendously.

 

How much is your career suffering because you can't focus?

 

How much are your relationships suffering?

 

How much of life is slipping by because of a lack of real energy?  

 

A lack of Butyrate is connected to all of this.

 

Which is why it's vital you understand...

How to Support your Butyrate Naturally

The first and obvious solution: Diet overhaul.

 

Consuming Phenolic rich foods and avoiding processed foods and chemicals.

 

Some foods that are high in Phenolic Acid content are: 

  • Cloves: A staggering 15,188 mg per 100g.
  • Star Anise: 5,460 mg per 100g.
  • Dried Peppermint: 11,960 mg per 100g.
  • Star Anise: 5,460 mg per 100g.
  • Hazelnuts: 495 mg per 100g.
  • Blackcurrants: 758 mg per 100g
  • Black Chokeberry: 1,756 mg per 100g.
  • Black Elderberry: 1,359 mg per 100g.

 

One way you could incorporate these foods is by introducing new foods into meal times.

 

You could try add spices and fruits into existing meals.

 

A dash of clove in tea or berries with yoghurt can go a long way. And Googling meals with these ingredients is a fantastic idea

 

That said, there is overwhelming evidence that radical diet change doesn't work.

 

And...

For many radical diet change isn't sustainable.

For instance:

  • Black Chokeberry costs around $14 per 4 oz - over $50 per pound.
  • Black Elderberry: A 4 oz bottle can cost around $10
  • Hazelnuts : Typically $14-$17 per pound.
  • Star Anise & Clove: Not as expensive, but tastes very bitter. Eating 100g likely not practical.

The reality is, this could cost hundreds of dollars more per week, just to support your Butyrate.

 

Which is why I wanted to provide you alternate options.

More Butyrate - without the diet change?

Another option is to take Sodium Butyrate supplements. 

Small capsules that contain some form of salt that carries Butyrate to your gut where it's needed.

 

These are widely available on sites like Amazon or Walmart at a reasonable price.

But in this instance it isn't cost that's the issue.

 

As the Cleveland Clinic reports: 

"Most [Butyrate] supplements haven’t been proven to be beneficial."

 

The supplements don't make it to your deep instenine. Meaning they don't make it the deep bacteria that produce Butyrate.

This is why as gut microbiome PhD Gail Cresci, confirms, 

 

The best way to get more Butyrate is to “feed your body so that it makes butyrate for you.”[20]

 

Which brings me to my preferred alternative.

The Natural Alternative

Fortunately there are better options.

 

Ones that are far simple and don’t require radical diet change. 

 

That follow best practice and feed your body to make Butyrate naturally.

It's simple. Takes 30 seconds at home. It's loaded with the Phenolic Acid signals needed to boost Butyrate.

Introducing: The First and Only Coffee Supplement in America engineered to revitalize Butyrate
 

It’s called BETTER Coffee Booster.


Its an all-natural, non-GMO formula built from the ground up to support your gut’s Butyrate.

 

It's third-party tested. Made right here in America. And slides right into your morning coffee. 

 

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The reason BETTER made their formula to work with coffee?

 

Because Coffee is a potent source of phenolic acid and the #1 source of dietary fiber in America.

BETTER Coffee Booster aims to “build on” what’s already supporting America’s Butyrate. 

 

And then take it even further.

 

Here's how.

How BETTER supports natural Butyrate
 

Here's a secret: Coffee isn't the healthiest part of coffee!

 

Coffee Fruit, gram for gram contains as much as 25x more Phenolic Acid than Coffee itself.

 

That's more essential Butyrate signal than any other food I mentioned earlier.

 

BETTER Coffee Booster adds a special form of Coffee Fruit Extract to it's formula.

 

This makes it a Phenolic Acid supercharger that supports your bodies Butyrate naturally. Butyrate that fuels you for clear focus, mood, and energy.


All it takes is one scoop per day in your coffee, and you’re doing more to support your Butyrate than 99% of the population.

 

Coffee fruit has benefits beyond just restoring those missing Phenolic acids too.

 

According to WebMD, Coffee Fruit is also packed with powerful antioxidants and polyphenols. Compounds shown to protect your cells from damage and disease. [21]

Emerging evidence suggests Coffee Fruit may also be a vital ingredient in promoting anti-aging effects in our body too! [22]

Further studies suggest coffee fruit can help lower blood pressure and boost immunity. 

 

It may even promote weight loss aswell! [23]

So when you start adding BETTER Coffee Booster to your morning coffee?

 

You’re not just getting the Butyrate-boosting signals your gut needs.

 

You’re flooding your body with compounds that support so much of your health.

 

This is just one of the powerful ingredients in BETTER Coffee Booster.

 

It's bursting with...

5 More Powerful Ingredients Designed To Revitalize You From The Inside Out.

MCT Oil (2500mg) - My Brain's New Best Friend

You know that foggy feeling when you're running on caffeine? 

 

It may actually be because your brain is operating without it’s preferred fuel. 


BETTER Coffee Boosters adds that fuel back into your Coffee. 

 

Their Organic MCT oil skips regular digestion. It goes straight to your liver. There, it turns into ketones - the fast-acting fuel your brain loves.

 

I used to need three cups of coffee just to feel human. But since I've started taking BETTER Coffee Booster? I'm down to one cup and I'm mentally sharp all morning. So I've noticed the difference.
 

Pure Bovine Collagen Peptides (2500mg) - Beauty and Strength from the Inside Out

As we age, we lose 1-2% of our collagen every year after 25. [24] That's not just wrinkles - that's joint pain, weaker bones, and slower recovery. 
 

The collagen peptides in BETTER Coffee Booster are more bioavailable. Meaning they actually get absorbed and used by your body.


After two months using BETTER Coffee Booster, my skin feels firmer. My hair looks shinier too. People even ask if I changed my skincare routine.
 

Cocoa Bean Extract - The Calm Energy Game-Changer

We all know coffee can make you jittery and anxious, because it spikes your energy hard which leads to a crash. 

 

BETTER's Cocoa Bean Extract contains natural compounds called theobromine and flavonoids. These work like nature's chill pill, and mellow your energy response. 

 

Instead of that harsh caffeine buzz, you get calm, focused energy without up your heart racing. Combined with the brain-fuel MCT Oil offers, it’s a difference you can feel from your first cup.
 

Acai Fiber - Gut Superfood In A Scoop

Not only is the Acai Fiber in BETTER Coffee Booster a prebiotic superfood that feeds the good bacteria...

 

It also helps slow down caffeine absorption too.

 

The end result? Even more support against the caffeine jitters and anxiety. Plus more food for those Butyrate bacteria in your gut.

Pink Himalayan Sea Salt - The Hydration Secret

Most people don't know this but coffee is a diuretic. Meaning it can dehydrate you while you're trying to energize yourself. 

 

Even worse, you lose vital minerals like magnesium. Your body needs magnesium for immunity, good sleep, thinking clearly, and gut health.

 

BETTER's Pink Himalayan salt has over 80 trace minerals. Minerals that help with hydration and electrolyte balance.

 

What you feel? Your afternoon fatigue replaced with lasting energy.

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But does it pass the "Taste Test"??

So many “brain” drinks and mushroom coffees taste bitter, earthy, awful. And they do little to support your Butyrate.
BETTER Coffee Booster?  


It has a subtle cinnamon flavor that mixes with collagen. This gives my black coffee a rich, creamy taste and texture. I honestly can't get enough of it.


BETTER is also US-made, GMO-free, and of course Third Party Tested. 

 

Meaning when you invest in your health and BETTER Coffee Booster? You’re not just supporting your body and mind.

 

You’re supporting an American company that promises top-quality ingredients too.

My Honest Opinion

I want to be clear and unbiased as possible. 

 

This is my opinion. You don't have to agree.
 

And I’m NOT saying this is some magic pill.

 

Fighting back against decades of Butyrate loss doesn't come overnight. 

 

The results I’ve experienced took time. 
 

But: 

  • I have noticed considerable change in my focus and memory. Even rom the first cup.
     
  • I feel more energy that's making changes in my career and personal life. 
     
  • I don't get the jitters drinking coffee
     
  •  I get so much more out of the coffee I love
     
  • And I've noticed a change in appetite since taking BETTER Coffee Booster in my morning coffee.

It's Not Just Me Noticing The Differences Either

Hollywood Actress Jocelyn Hudon, star of the hit TV series Chicago Fire is a verified user of BETTER Coffee Booster.

She says herself, she is “obsessed!”.

Hollywood star, Kiana Madeira has been singing BETTER Coffee Booster’s praising, stating...

This is alongside actors like Jesse Kove who say he too “feels the difference”...

Professionals, athelete, fighters...and regular fathers and mothers like you and me are loving BETTER Coffee Booster too.

K. Madiera

“The mental clarity that comes from adding this to my coffee is absolutely amazing. I didn't really know if it would make much of a difference but it truly does! It gives me energy without having jitters. I am officially a huge fan!”

5

M. Murray

I absolutely love this product! I was very impressed with the taste of it, as well as how it made me feel with my energy and my focus. Highly recommend this and it’s absolutely delicious.

45

Amy H.

I've seen a noticeable difference between the days I use this and the days I don't. I have more energy (mentally and physically), more focus, and a generally better mood. It's also allowed me to lower the amount of caffeine I'm taking on a daily basis. Before I needed 2-3 cups of coffee to feel what I do after just a single cup with this in it.

10

BETTER Coffee Booster is loved by many, and the reviews speak for themselves. 

How To Get BETTER Coffee Booster + (3 FREE GIFTS)

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BETTER is currently offering a special discount for those who won’t accept brain fog as normal. 

 

And if you're ready to regain your mental clarity and energy?

 

I recommend you check them out by click the button above.

 

As you saw, word is spreading among actors and health-conscious Americans. So demand is rising.

 

So you may want to act sooner than later.

 

Because right now they're running a pretty great offer.

 

When you subscribe BETTER Coffee Booster today, you don't just take your first step toward lasting health, energy, and focus

 

You also secure a great deal and receive 3 FREE incredible gifts.

Your First Free Gift - The BETTER Coffee Mug (a $15 value)

The first is a free, beautifully designed, BETTER Ceramic Coffee Mug. Made for you to enjoy your butyrate-boosting coffee in, day after day. It's dishwasher safe, looks amazing in your kitchen, and goes perfect with coffee.


BETTER's Coffee Mug sell for $15. But for you today, it's free.

Your Second Free Gift - The BETTER Focus Guide (a $19 value)

This is a short masterclass on making the most out of your Coffee.

For instance, in this guide you'll discover:

 

  •  Exactly why 95% of people drink coffee wrong (and if you drink it first thing I'm sorry to say you're included)
  • The exact time you should drink coffee to maximize the health benefits, avoid the crash, and feel less dependent on coffee in general.
  • the "magnesium method" for ensuring coffee never leaves you feeling drained again.  Few know science why why coffee can leave you feeling weary, and if you're one of them?  This simple trick will be a game changer for feeling more energized and productive

 

BETTER's Focus e-Guide retails $15. But when you invest in your health by subscribing to BETTER Coffee Booster? You get an instant access electronic copy free too.

Your Third FREE Gift - The BETTER Recipe eCookbook

Subscribe today and get an instant electronic copy of BETTER's Recipe Book. It has 17 delicious, mouth-watering recipes you can make at home to boost your Butyrate!

 

The moment you get your copy, you'll get your hands on recipes like:

 

  • Delicious "Zero-spike Pancakes". They’re fluffy and help you stay clear-headed all morning. Plus, they taste great and keep the afternoon slump away!
  • Afternoon fuel ideas like our BETTER Protein Bites and Cocoa Smooth Bowl 
  • Delectable desserts like our Collagen Brownie Bars and Cacao-Cinnamon Yogurt Bark
  • And our Keto Cheeseback bites that are to die for!

 

 

Again this recipe book retails for $19. But for you? It's FREE when subscribe to BETTER Coffee Booster and investing in your health today

Here's everything you're getting (a $68 value FREE) 

 

When you invest in a clear mind and consistent, dependable energy by subscribing to BETTER Coffee Booster,  the combined value you'll receive is:

 

  • A minimum 30-day supply of BETTER Coffee Booster
  • Your FREE BETTER Ceramic Coffee Mug (a $15 value)
  • Your BETTER Focus eGuide - A guide to maximizing Coffee's Benefits with Routine & Science (a $19 value)
  • Your BETTER Recipe Guide - 17 delicious, at-home recipes you can make to boost your Butyrate outside of Coffee! (a $29 value)
  • PLUS - FREE US shipping on your order (a $5 value)

     

Combined, that's a $68 completely FREE.

Your $68 worth of FREE GIFTS + FREE SHIPPING won't last long...

Again I've got to stress, actors, Entrepreneurs, and Health-conscious Americans are learning about BETTER. And they're sharing their transformations all over the internet.

 

My guess is BETTER's introductory off may not last long.

 

So my advice?

Click the button below and check availability, before their offer expires.

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Try BETTER Coffee Booster for 90 Days - Completely Risk Free

Is your investment in your mind and self safe? 

 

You have 90 whole days to try BETTER Coffee Booster, feel your energy, focus, and sharp mind return. 

 

In the wild situation if you're not in love with your purchase?

 

Just return what you haven't used and they will return your investment.  Every single penny. No  hard feelings.

Why BETTER is Giving You 90 days Risk-Free

BETTER understands real change doesn't happen in two weeks.

 

It’s likely your gut bacteria numbers are low. And those that you do have? They've probably been struggling to make Butyrate for years.

 

When you finally give your gut what it needs, it doesn’t just bounce back. Like a plant, it needs time to rebuild.

 

Your Butyrate-building bacteria need time to multiply. To start producing the Butyrate your body and brain has been craving.

 

This is why you have 90-days to try BETTER Coffee Booster. To give you an opportunity to truly feel the result.

 

So you don’t feel forced to commit to months right away.

 

But if you're anything like I was? Tired of band-aid solutions and ready for something that actually works long-term?

 

Don't shortchange yourself. 

 

Give your body the time it needs to truly build back better. You've been struggling long enough. You deserve the full transformation, not just a glimpse of what's possible.

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What Really Impressed Me About BETTER Coffee Booster

They actually reward you for being smart about your health.

 

Like you I learned about Butyrate and I realized I was going to need this for the long haul. To start rebuilding the Butyrate bacteria in my gut.

 

BETTER understand that too.

 

Which is why they give you significant savings when you commit to a longer subscription. 

 

Their 2 & 3 month option wasn't just better for my gut health - it was better for my wallet too. 

 

My opinion? It's satisfying to make a choice that's smart for your wallet and good for your health.

 

It felt good to invest in myself properly instead of just hoping for quick fixes. 

How Much Is Your Mind Worth?

Americans spend an average of $14,570 [25] per year on healthcare.

 

Think about what you've already spent:

  • Doctor visits that led nowhere: $600+
  • Useless supplements and "brain pills": $1,200+
  • Prescription medications with side effects: $800+
  • Lost productivity and missed opportunities: Priceless

BETTER Coffee Booster costs less than $1.50 per day. 

 

That's less than coffee shop latte to heal your mind, body, and confidence.

 

Save yourself a ton in the long run. Click the button below and check availability.

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Your Two Choices

The way I see it? 

 

You have two choices right now.

 

Choice 1: Do nothing. Accept that your fading energy and  brain fog is your "new normal." 

 

Watch your family continue to worry about you while you slip further. 

 

Get further from the sharp person you've always been. 

 

Continue wasting your hard-earned on solutions that don't work while the real problems accelerate.

 

Choice 2: Take action today. Restore what's been missing. 

 

Get your mind back and prove that decline isn't inevitable. 

 

Join the lucky few reclaiming their mental clarity with this breakthrough discovery.

 

The choice is yours.

 

I know which path I'd take.

 

What Happens After You Click

  1. You'll go to a secure order page where you can select your package
     
  2. Choose the 2 or 3-month option for maximum savings and results
     
  3. Complete your order securely in under 60 seconds
     
  4. Your BETTER Coffee Booster will arrive within 3-5 business days in discreet packaging
     
  5. Start adding one scoop to your morning coffee and feel the difference within days

 

Remember: You have 90 days risk-free to experience the transformation.

 

If you're not happy, you get your money back. No questions asked.

 

Don't let another day go by wondering if you're losing yourself.

 

Take back your mental clarity today.

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THE STORY DEPICTED ON THIS SITE AND THE PERSON DEPICTED IN THE STORY ARE NOT ACTUAL NEWS. RATHER, THIS
STORY IS BASED ON THE RESULTS THAT SOME PEOPLE WHO HAVE USED THESE PRODUCTS HAVE ACHIEVED. AS INDIVIDUAL RESULTS VARY, THE RESULTS PORTRAYED IN THE STORY AND IN THE COMMENTS ARE ILLUSTRATIVE, AND MAY NOT BE THE RESULTS THAT
YOU ACHIEVE WITH THESE PRODUCTS.

Citation & Sources

  1.  Guo C, Che X, Briese T, Ranjan A, Allicock O, Yates RA, Cheng A, March D, Hornig M, Komaroff AL, Levine S, Bateman L, Vernon SD, Klimas NG, Montoya JG, Peterson DL, Lipkin WI, Williams BL. Deficient butyrate‑producing capacity in the gut microbiome is associated with bacterial network disturbances and fatigue symptoms in ME/CFS. Cell Host & Microbe. 2023 Feb 8;31(2):288‑304.e8. PMID: 36758522.
  2. Guo C, Che X, Briese T, Ranjan A, Allicock O, Yates RA, Cheng A, March D, Hornig M, Komaroff AL, Levine S, Bateman L, Vernon SD, Klimas NG, Montoya JG, Peterson DL, Lipkin WI, Williams BL. Deficient butyrate‑producing capacity in the gut microbiome is associated with bacterial network disturbances and fatigue symptoms in ME/CFS. Cell Host & Microbe. 2023 Feb 8;31(2):288‑304.e8. PMID: 36758522.
  3. Notting F, Pirovano W, Sybesma W, Kort R. The butyrate‑producing and spore‑forming bacterial genus Coprococcus as a potential biomarker for neurological disorders. Gut Microbiome. 2023;4:e16. doi: 10.1017/gmb.2023.14.
  4. Mishra SP, Jain S, Wang B, Wang S, Miller BC, Lee JY, Borlongan CV, Jiang L, Pollak J, Taraphder S, Layden BT, Rane SG, Yadav H. Abnormalities in microbiota/butyrate/FFAR3 signaling in aging gut impair brain function. JCI Insight. 2024 Feb 8;9(3):e168443. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.168443
  5. Mayorga‑Ramos A, Barba‑Ostria C, Simancas‑Racines D, Guamán LP. Protective role of butyrate in obesity and diabetes: New insights. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2022 Nov 24; 9:1067647. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1067647 
  6. Mayorga‑Ramos A, Barba‑Ostria C, Simancas‑Racines D, Guamán LP. Protective role of butyrate in obesity and diabetes: New insights. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2022 Nov 24;9:1067647. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1067647 
  7. Yadav H, Lee J‑H, Lloyd J, Walter P, Rane SG. Beneficial metabolic effects of a probiotic via butyrate‑induced GLP‑1 hormone secretion. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2013 Aug 30;288(35):25088–25097. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.452516. Epub 2013 Jul 8. PMCID: PMC3757173; PMID: 23836895
  8. “Western diet linked to chronic diseases by gut microbiota disruption.” News‑Medical (13 May 2024). Summary of a review covering how Western-style diets impact gut microbes and contribute to chronic disease risk
  9. Ravandi B, Mehler P, Barabási A‑L, Menichetti G. GroceryDB: Prevalence of Processed Food in Grocery Stores. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2022 Apr 23;2022.04.23.22274217. doi: 10.1101/2022.04.23.22274217
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